TheVirtualBrain:
TheDocumentationwebsite.
Based on the Brunel and Wang model.
Bases: tvb.simulator.models.base.Model
[DJ_2012] Deco G and Jirsa V. Ongoing Cortical Activity at Rest: Criticality, Multistability, and Ghost Attractors. Journal of Neuroscience 32, 3366-3375, 2012.
[BW_2001] Brunel N and Wang X-J. Effects of neuromodulation in a cortical network model of object working memory dominated by recurrent inhibition. Journal of Computational Neuroscience 11, 63–85, 2001. Each node consists of one excitatory (E) and one inhibitory (I) pool.
At a global level, it uses Hagmann’s 2008 connectome 66 areas(hagmann_struct.csv) with a global scaling weight (W) of 1.65.
gid : tvb.basic.neotraits._core.HasTraits.gid = Attr(field_type=<class ‘uuid.UUID’>, default=None, required=True)
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
\[au_e*\dot{\]
u_e}(t) &= - u_e(t) + phi_e \
au_i*dot{
u_i}(t) &= - u_i(t) + phi_i \
ve &= - (V_thr - V_reset) ,
u_i , au_i + mu_i \
au_X &= frac{C_m_X}{g_m_x , S_X} \S_X &= 1 + Text ,
u_ext + T_ampa , u_X + (rho_1 + rho_2)
, psi(
T_xI , nu_I , (V_I - V_L)}{S_X} \
- sigma_X^2 &= frac{g_AMPA_ext^2(bar{V_X} - V_X)^2 , C_ext , nu_ext
- tau_AMPA^2 , tau_X}{g_m_X^2 * tau_m_X^2} \
rho_1 &= {g_NMDA * C}{g_m_X * J} \ rho_2 &= beta frac{g_NMDA * C (bar{V_X} - V_E)(J - 1)}
{g_m_X * J^2} \J_X &= 1 + gamma ,exp(-beta*bar{V_X}) \ phi(mu_X, sigma_X) &= (tau_rp_X + tau_X , int
exp(u^2) * (erf(u) + 1))^-1
The NMDA gating variable .. math:
\psi(\nu)
has been approximated by the exponential function: .. math:
\psi(\nu) &= a * (1 - \exp(-b * \nu)) \\
a &= 0.80823563 \\
b &= 67.06177975
The post-synaptic rate as described by the \(\phi\) function constitutes a non-linear input-output relationship between the firing rate of the post-synaptic neuron and the average firing rates \(\nu_{E}\) and \(\nu_{I}\) of the pre-synaptic excitatory and inhibitory neural populations. This input-output function is conceptually equivalent to the simple threshold-linear or sigmoid input-output functions routinely used in firing-rate models. What it is gained from using the integral form is a firing-rate model that captures many of the underlying biophysics of the real spiking neurons.[BW_2001]_
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Optimization routine when we have too many self.parameters within dfun
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
An attribute that can only be set once. If a default is provided it counts as a set, so it cannot be written to. Note that if the default is a mutable type, the value is shared with all instances of the owning class. We cannot enforce true constancy in python
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The attribute is a list of values. Choices and type are reinterpreted as applying not to the list but to the elements of it
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The Epileptor model
Bases: tvb.simulator.models.base.Model
The Epileptor is a composite neural mass model of six dimensions which has be crafted to model the phenomenology of epileptic seizures.
This model, its motivation and derivation are currently in preparation for publication (Jirsa et al, 2013)
- dfun(state_variables, coupling, local_coupling=0.0, array=<built-in function array>, where=<function where at 0x7f794ededf80>, concat=<function concatenate at 0x7f794edf6710>)[source]¶
Computes the derivatives of the state variables of the Epileptor with respect to time.
Implementation note: we expect this version of the Epileptor to be used in a vectorized manner. Concretely, y has a shape of (6, n) where n is the number of nodes in the network. An consequence is that the original use of if/else is translated by calculated both the true and false forms and mixing them using a boolean mask.
Variables of interest to be used by monitors: -y[0] + y[3]
gid : tvb.basic.neotraits._core.HasTraits.gid = Attr(field_type=<class ‘uuid.UUID’>, default=None, required=True)
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Computes the derivatives of the state variables of the Epileptor with respect to time.
Implementation note: we expect this version of the Epileptor to be used in a vectorized manner. Concretely, y has a shape of (6, n) where n is the number of nodes in the network. An consequence is that the original use of if/else is translated by calculated both the true and false forms and mixing them using a boolean mask.
Variables of interest to be used by monitors: -y[0] + y[3]
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
An attribute that can only be set once. If a default is provided it counts as a set, so it cannot be written to. Note that if the default is a mutable type, the value is shared with all instances of the owning class. We cannot enforce true constancy in python
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The attribute is a list of values. Choices and type are reinterpreted as applying not to the list but to the elements of it
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
A abstract 2d oscillator model.
Bases: tvb.simulator.models.base.Model
The Generic2dOscillator model is ...
[FH_1961] (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) FitzHugh, R., Impulses and physiological states in theoretical models of nerve membrane, Biophysical Journal 1: 445, 1961.
[Nagumo_1962] Nagumo et.al, An Active Pulse Transmission Line Simulating Nerve Axon, Proceedings of the IRE 50: 2061, 1962. See also, http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/FitzHugh-Nagumo_model
The models (\(V\), \(W\)) phase-plane, including a representation of the vector field as well as its nullclines, using default parameters, can be seen below:
The (\(V\), \(W\)) phase-plane for the Fitzhugh-Nagumo model.
- dfun(state_variables, coupling, local_coupling=0.0)[source]¶
The fast, \(V\), and slow, \(W\), state variables are typically considered to represent a membrane potential and recovery variable, respectively. Based on equations 1 and 2 of [FH_1961], but relabelling c as \(\tau\) due to its interpretation as a time-scale separation, and adding parameters \(\upsilon\), \(\omega\), \(\eta\), and \(\gamma\), for flexibility, here we implement:
\[\begin{split}\dot{V} &= \tau (\omega \, W + \upsilon \, V - \gamma \, \frac{V^3}{3} + I) \\ \dot{W} &= -(\eta \, V - a + b \, W) / \tau\end{split}\]where external currents \(I\) provide the entry point for local and long-range connectivity.
For strict consistency with [FH_1961], parameters \(\upsilon\), \(\omega\), \(\eta\), and \(\gamma\) should be set to 1.0, with \(a\), \(b\), and \(\tau\) set in the range defined by equation 3 of [FH_1961]:
\[\begin{split}0 \le b \le 1 \\ 1 - 2 b / 3 \le a \le 1 \\ \tau^2 \ge b\end{split}\]The default state of these equations can be seen in the Fitzhugh-Nagumo phase-plane.
gid : tvb.basic.neotraits._core.HasTraits.gid = Attr(field_type=<class ‘uuid.UUID’>, default=None, required=True)
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The fast, \(V\), and slow, \(W\), state variables are typically considered to represent a membrane potential and recovery variable, respectively. Based on equations 1 and 2 of [FH_1961], but relabelling c as \(\tau\) due to its interpretation as a time-scale separation, and adding parameters \(\upsilon\), \(\omega\), \(\eta\), and \(\gamma\), for flexibility, here we implement:
\[\begin{split}\dot{V} &= \tau (\omega \, W + \upsilon \, V - \gamma \, \frac{V^3}{3} + I) \\ \dot{W} &= -(\eta \, V - a + b \, W) / \tau\end{split}\]
where external currents \(I\) provide the entry point for local and long-range connectivity.
For strict consistency with [FH_1961], parameters \(\upsilon\), \(\omega\), \(\eta\), and \(\gamma\) should be set to 1.0, with \(a\), \(b\), and \(\tau\) set in the range defined by equation 3 of [FH_1961]:
\[\begin{split}0 \le b \le 1 \\ 1 - 2 b / 3 \le a \le 1 \\ \tau^2 \ge b\end{split}\]
The default state of these equations can be seen in the Fitzhugh-Nagumo phase-plane.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
An attribute that can only be set once. If a default is provided it counts as a set, so it cannot be written to. Note that if the default is a mutable type, the value is shared with all instances of the owning class. We cannot enforce true constancy in python
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
A contributed model: Hindmarsh-Rose
Bases: tvb.simulator.models.base.Model
The Hindmarsh-Rose model is a mathematically simple model for repetitive bursting.
[HR_1984] (1, 2, 3, 4) Hindmarsh, J. L., and Rose, R. M., A model of neuronal bursting using three coupled first order differential equations, Proceedings of the Royal society of London. Series B. Biological sciences 221: 87, 1984. The models (\(x\), \(y\)) phase-plane, including a representation of the vector field as well as its nullclines, using default parameters, can be seen below:
The (\(x\), \(y\)) phase-plane for the Hindmarsh-Rose model.
- dfun(state_variables, coupling, local_coupling=0.0)[source]¶
As in the FitzHugh-Nagumo model ([FH_1961]), \(x\) and \(y\) signify the membrane potential and recovery variable respectively. Unlike FitzHugh-Nagumo model, the recovery variable \(y\) is quadratic, modelling subthreshold inward current. The third state-variable, \(z\) signifies a slow outward current which leads to adaptation ([HR_1984]):
\[\begin{split}\dot{x} &= y - a \, x^3 + b \, x^2 - z + I \\ \dot{y} &= c - d \, x^2 - y \\ \dot{z} &= r \, ( s \, (x - x_1) - z )\end{split}\]where external currents \(I\) provide the entry point for local and long-range connectivity. Default parameters are set as per Figure 6 of [HR_1984] so that the model shows repetitive bursting when \(I=2\).
gid : tvb.basic.neotraits._core.HasTraits.gid = Attr(field_type=<class ‘uuid.UUID’>, default=None, required=True)
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
As in the FitzHugh-Nagumo model ([FH_1961]), \(x\) and \(y\) signify the membrane potential and recovery variable respectively. Unlike FitzHugh-Nagumo model, the recovery variable \(y\) is quadratic, modelling subthreshold inward current. The third state-variable, \(z\) signifies a slow outward current which leads to adaptation ([HR_1984]):
\[\begin{split}\dot{x} &= y - a \, x^3 + b \, x^2 - z + I \\ \dot{y} &= c - d \, x^2 - y \\ \dot{z} &= r \, ( s \, (x - x_1) - z )\end{split}\]
where external currents \(I\) provide the entry point for local and long-range connectivity. Default parameters are set as per Figure 6 of [HR_1984] so that the model shows repetitive bursting when \(I=2\).
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
An attribute that can only be set once. If a default is provided it counts as a set, so it cannot be written to. Note that if the default is a mutable type, the value is shared with all instances of the owning class. We cannot enforce true constancy in python
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
A contributed model: The Jansen and Rit model as presented in (David et al., 2005)
Bases: tvb.simulator.models.base.Model
The Jansen and Rit models as studied by David et al., 2005 #TODO: finish this model
gid : tvb.basic.neotraits._core.HasTraits.gid = Attr(field_type=<class ‘uuid.UUID’>, default=None, required=True)
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The dynamic equations were taken from:
TODO: add equations and finish the model ...
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
An attribute that can only be set once. If a default is provided it counts as a set, so it cannot be written to. Note that if the default is a mutable type, the value is shared with all instances of the owning class. We cannot enforce true constancy in python
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The attribute is a list of values. Choices and type are reinterpreted as applying not to the list but to the elements of it
A contributed model: Larter
Bases: tvb.simulator.models.base.Model
A modified Morris-Lecar model that includes a third equation which simulates the effect of a population of inhibitory interneurons synapsing on the pyramidal cells.
[Larteretal_1999] Larter et.al. A coupled ordinary differential equation lattice model for the simulation of epileptic seizures. Chaos. 9(3): 795, 1999.
[Breaksetal_2003] M. J. Breakspear et.al. Modulation of excitatory synaptic coupling facilitates synchronization and complex dynamics in a biophysical model of neuronal dynamics. Network: Computation in Neural Systems 14: 703-732, 2003. Equations are taken from [Larteretal_1999]. Parameter values are taken from Table I, page 799.
Regarding the choice of coupling: the three biophysically reasonable mechanisms (diffusive; delay line axonal/ synaptic or glial; and extracellular current flow) are dependent of K++. This is reflected in the potassium equilibrium potential (\(V_{K}\)). Thus, this variable is chosen as the coupling element between nodes.
The (\(V\), \(W\)) phase-plane for the Larter model.
- dfun(state_variables, coupling, local_coupling=0.0)[source]¶
See Eqs (1)-(8) in [Larteretal_1999]
gid : tvb.basic.neotraits._core.HasTraits.gid = Attr(field_type=<class ‘uuid.UUID’>, default=None, required=True)
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
See Eqs (1)-(8) in [Larteretal_1999]
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
An attribute that can only be set once. If a default is provided it counts as a set, so it cannot be written to. Note that if the default is a mutable type, the value is shared with all instances of the owning class. We cannot enforce true constancy in python
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The attribute is a list of values. Choices and type are reinterpreted as applying not to the list but to the elements of it
A contributed model: Larter model revisited by Breaskpear M.
Bases: tvb.simulator.models.base.Model
A modified Morris-Lecar model that includes a third equation which simulates the effect of a population of inhibitory interneurons synapsing on the pyramidal cells.
[Larteretal_1999] Larter et.al. A coupled ordinary differential equation lattice model for the simulation of epileptic seizures. Chaos. 9(3): 795, 1999.
[Breaksetal_2003_a] Breakspear, M.; Terry, J. R. & Friston, K. J. Modulation of excitatory synaptic coupling facilitates synchronization and complex dynamics in an onlinear model of neuronal dynamics. Neurocomputing 52–54 (2003).151–158
[Breaksetal_2003_b] (1, 2, 3) M. J. Breakspear et.al. Modulation of excitatory synaptic coupling facilitates synchronization and complex dynamics in a biophysical model of neuronal dynamics. Network: Computation in Neural Systems 14: 703-732, 2003. Equations and default parameters are taken from [Breaksetal_2003_b]. All equations and parameters are non-dimensional and normalized. For values of d_v < 0.55, the dynamics of a single column settles onto a solitary fixed point attractor.
Parameters used for simulations in [Breaksetal_2003_a] Table 1. Page 153. Two nodes were coupled.
Table 1 Parameter Value I | 0.3 a_ee | 0.4 a_ei | 0.1 a_ie | 1.0 a_ne | 1.0 a_ni | 0.4 r_NMDA | 0.2 delta | 0.001 NOTES about parameters
d_V For d_V < 0.55, uncoupled network, the system exhibits fixed point dynamics; for 55 < lb.d_V < 0.59, limit cycle atractors; and for d_V > 0.59 chaotic attractors (eg, d_V=0.6,aee=0.5,aie=0.5,
gNa=0, Iext=0.165)C The long-range coupling ‘C’ is ‘weak’ in the sense that they investigated parameter values for which C < a_ee and C << a_ie.
The (\(V\), \(W\)) phase-plane for the Larter-Breakspear model.
gid : tvb.basic.neotraits._core.HasTraits.gid = Attr(field_type=<class ‘uuid.UUID’>, default=None, required=True)
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
See Equations (7), (3), (6) and (2) respectively in [Breaksetal_2003]. Pag: 705-706
NOTE: Equation (8) has an error the sign before the term \(a_{ie}\, Z \, Q_Z^i\) should be a minus (-) and not a plus (+).
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
An attribute that can only be set once. If a default is provided it counts as a set, so it cannot be written to. Note that if the default is a mutable type, the value is shared with all instances of the owning class. We cannot enforce true constancy in python
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The attribute is a list of values. Choices and type are reinterpreted as applying not to the list but to the elements of it
A contributed model: The Liley model as presented in Steyn-Ross et al., 1999
Bases: tvb.simulator.models.base.Model
Liley lumped model as presented in Steyn-Ross et al 1999.
This model is to be use for modelling cortical dynamics in which “inputs” to neuronal assemblies are treated as random Gaussian fluctuations about a mean value. Anesthetic agent effects are modelled as as a modulation of the inhibitory neurotransmitter rate constant.
The main state variable is h_e, the average excitatory soma potential, coherent fluctuations of which are believed to be the source of scalp-measured electroencephalogram ͑EEG͒ signals.
Parameters are taken from Table 1 [Steyn-Ross_1999]
State variables:
h_e: exc population mean soma potential [mV] h_i: exc population mean soma potential [mV]
I_ee: total ‘exc’ current input to ‘exc’ synapses [mV] I_ie: total ‘inh’ current input to ‘exc’ synapses [mV] I_ei: total ‘exc’ current input to ‘inh’ synapses [mV] I_ii: total ‘inh’ current input to ‘inh’ synapses [mV]
\(\Psi_{jk}\): weighting factors for the I_jk inputs [dimensionless]
\(phi_e\): long-range (cortico-cortical) spike input to exc population \(phi_i\): long-range (cortico-cortical) spike input to inh population [ms-1]
EPSP: exc post-synaptic potential [mV] IPSP: inh post-synaptic potential [mV]
Mean axonal conduction speed: 7 mm/ms
S_e(h_e): sigmoid function mapping soma potential to firing rate [ms]-1 S_i(h_i): sigmoid function mapping soma potential to firing rate [ms]-1
The models (\(h_e\), :math:h_i`) phase-plane, including a representation of the vector field as well as its nullclines, using default parameters, can be seen below:
The (\(h_e\), \(hi\)) phase-plane for the LileySteynRoss model.
gid : tvb.basic.neotraits._core.HasTraits.gid = Attr(field_type=<class ‘uuid.UUID’>, default=None, required=True)
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
TODO: include equations here and see how to add the local connectivity or the the laplacian oeprator. This model is the one used in Bojak 2011.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
An attribute that can only be set once. If a default is provided it counts as a set, so it cannot be written to. Note that if the default is a mutable type, the value is shared with all instances of the owning class. We cannot enforce true constancy in python
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The attribute is a list of values. Choices and type are reinterpreted as applying not to the list but to the elements of it
A contributed model: Morris-Lecar
Bases: tvb.simulator.models.base.Model
The Morris-Lecar model is a mathematically simple excitation model having two nonlinear, non-inactivating conductances.
[ML_1981] (1, 2, 3, 4) Morris, C. and Lecar, H. Voltage oscillations in the Barnacle giant muscle fibre, Biophysical Journal 35: 193, 1981. See also, http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Morris-Lecar_model
The (\(V\), \(N\)) phase-plane for the Morris-Lecar model.
- dfun(state_variables, coupling, local_coupling=0.0)[source]¶
The dynamics of the membrane potential \(V\) rely on the fraction of Ca++ channels \(M\) and K+ channels \(N\) open at a given time. In order to have a planar model, we make the simplifying assumption (following [ML_1981], Equation 9) that Ca++ system is much faster than K+ system so that \(M = M_{\infty}\) at all times:
\[\begin{split}C \, \dot{V} &= I - g_{L}(V - V_L) - g_{Ca} \, M_{\infty}(V) (V - V_{Ca}) - g_{K} \, N \, (V - V_{K}) \\ \dot{N} &= \lambda_{N}(V) \, (N_{\infty}(V) - N) \\ M_{\infty}(V) &= 1/2 \, (1 + \tanh((V - V_{1})/V_{2}))\\ N_{\infty}(V) &= 1/2 \, (1 + \tanh((V - V_{3})/V_{4}))\\ \lambda_{N}(V) &= \overline{\lambda_{N}} \cosh((V - V_{3})/2V_{4})\end{split}\]where external currents \(I\) provide the entry point for local and long-range connectivity. Default parameters are set as per Figure 9 of [ML_1981] so that the model shows oscillatory behaviour as \(I\) is varied.
gid : tvb.basic.neotraits._core.HasTraits.gid = Attr(field_type=<class ‘uuid.UUID’>, default=None, required=True)
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The dynamics of the membrane potential \(V\) rely on the fraction of Ca++ channels \(M\) and K+ channels \(N\) open at a given time. In order to have a planar model, we make the simplifying assumption (following [ML_1981], Equation 9) that Ca++ system is much faster than K+ system so that \(M = M_{\infty}\) at all times:
where external currents \(I\) provide the entry point for local and long-range connectivity. Default parameters are set as per Figure 9 of [ML_1981] so that the model shows oscillatory behaviour as \(I\) is varied.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
An attribute that can only be set once. If a default is provided it counts as a set, so it cannot be written to. Note that if the default is a mutable type, the value is shared with all instances of the owning class. We cannot enforce true constancy in python
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The original Wong and Wang model
Bases: tvb.simulator.models.base.Model
[WW_2006] Kong-Fatt Wong and Xiao-Jing Wang, A Recurrent Network Mechanism of Time Integration in Perceptual Decisions. Journal of Neuroscience 26(4), 1314-1328, 2006.
[WW_2006_SI] Supplementary Information
[WW_2007] Kong-Fatt Wong, Alexander C. Huk2, Michael N. Shadlen, Xiao-Jing Wang, Neural circuit dynamics underlying accumulation of time-varying evidence during perceptual decision making. Front. Comput. Neurosci., 2007. A reduced model by Wong and Wang: A reduced two-variable neural model that offers a simple yet biophysically plausible framework for studying perceptual decision making in general.
S is the NMDA gating variable. Since its decay time is much longer that those corresponding to AMPAand GABA gating variables, it is assumed that is \(S_{NMDA}\) that dominates the time evolution of the system.
The model (\(Sl\), \(Sr\)) phase-plane, including a representation of the vector field as well as its nullclines, using default parameters, can be seen below:
Notation and parameter selection follows _Materials and methods_ from [WW_2007].
- To reproduce the phase plane in Figure 5B, page 1320:
- Jll = Jrr = 0.3725 Jlr = Jrl = 0.1137 J_ext = 1.1e-3 I_o = 0.3297 mu_o = 30 c = 6.4
To reproduce C & D vary c parameter respectively.
gid : tvb.basic.neotraits._core.HasTraits.gid = Attr(field_type=<class ‘uuid.UUID’>, default=None, required=True)
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The notation of those dynamic equations follows [WW_2007]. Derivatives of s are multiplied by 0.001 constant to match ms time scale.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
An attribute that can only be set once. If a default is provided it counts as a set, so it cannot be written to. Note that if the default is a mutable type, the value is shared with all instances of the owning class. We cannot enforce true constancy in python
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
Declares a numpy array. dtype enforces the dtype. The default dtype is float32. An optional symbolic shape can be given, as a tuple of Dim attributes from the owning class. The shape will be enforced, but no broadcasting will be done. domain declares what values are allowed in this array. It can be any object that can be checked for membership Defaults are checked if they are in the declared domain. For performance reasons this does not happen on every attribute set.
The attribute is a list of values. Choices and type are reinterpreted as applying not to the list but to the elements of it
